Analysis of the genetic structure of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, isolated from patients of the surgery and resuscitation departments of medical institutions in different regions of the Republic of Belarus
https://doi.org/10.29235/1814-6023-2025-22-1-7-16
Abstract
A. baumannii bacteria are gram-negative, catalase-positive, oxidase-negative, non-fermenting coccobacilli that cause a wide range of local and systemic purulent-inflammatory processes. Genetic variants of bacteria that are highly resistant to antibiotics and cause healthcare-associated infections have acquired the greatest clinical significance. Multidrugresistant bacteria are widespread in medical institutions in different countries and pose a significant public health problem.
We studied 53 isolates of A. baumannii isolated from patients in intensive care wards and surgical departments. Molecular genetic methods – multilocus sequencing-typing and real-time PCR – established the spectrum of sequence types (ST) and clonal complexes (CC), as well as carriers of extended type beta-lactamase resistance genes, metallo-beta-lactamases and serine carbapenemase.
The isolates studied by the MLST method belonged to 4 clonal complexes: CC109, CC92, CC944 and CC110. The genetic structure of the dominant CC109 is represented by the following sequence types – ST2550, ST231, ST441. CC92 united ST168, ST450 and ST195. The minor CCs included CC944 and CC110.
The phylogenetic analysis has established that the ancestral ST of cluster I is ST229, evolving to form sequence types ST195, ST450, as well as ST2563 and ST1103. Cluster 2 is formed on the basis of ST2182 evolving with the formation of two branches ST2564 and ST441.
The analysis of the relationships between STs and CCs depending on the region of the country showed that isolates related to ST2550 (CC109) are more common in the Gomel, Mogilev, Minsk and Grodno regions, and ST231 (CC109) isolates are more common in the Vitebsk, Grodno and Mogilev regions.
About the Authors
O. O. Yanovich
Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology
Belarus
Belarus
Olga O. Yanovich ‒ Ph. D. (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory
23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk
L. P. Titov
Республиканский научно-практический центр эпидемиологии и микробиологииИ
Belarus
Belarus
Leonid P. Titov ‒ Academician, D. Sc. (Med.), Professor
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Review
For citations:
Yanovich O.O., Titov L.P. Analysis of the genetic structure of Acinetobacter baumannii isolates, isolated from patients of the surgery and resuscitation departments of medical institutions in different regions of the Republic of Belarus. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series. 2025;22(1):7-16. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.29235/1814-6023-2025-22-1-7-16
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