Morphostructural changes in the brain of experimental animals after using mesenchymal stem cells in the temporomandibular joint inflammation model

The article presents the results of structural and functional transformations in cerebellum, trigeminal nuclei, and hippocampus of male Wistar rats against the background of injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into Meckel’s space in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) inflammation model.

The aim of the study was to clarify the effect of MSCs injections into Meckel’s space on the morphostructural features of cerebellum, trigeminal nuclei, and hippocampus in the TMJ inflammation model.

Injecting the mesenchymal stem cells into Meckel’s space in an inflammatory model of the right lower temporomandibular joint promotes the structure restoration of the ganglionic layer of the cerebellum, the spinal nuclei of the trigeminal nerve, and the hippocampus of rats by the 28th day. This is manifested in increasing the neuronal density, decreasing the neurodegeneration index, and in activating glia elements.

1. Jokubauskas L., Baltrušaitytė A. Relationship between obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome and sleep bruxism: a systematic review. Journal of Oral Rehabilitation, 2017, vol. 44, no. 2, pp. 144–153. https://doi.org/10.1111/joor.12468

2. Li D., Kuang B., Lobbezoo F., de Vries N., Hilgevoord A., Aarab G. Sleep bruxism is highly prevalent in adults with obstructive sleep apnea: a large-scale polysomnographic study. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2023, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 443–451. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.10348

3. Rubnikovich S. P., Baradina I. N., Denisova Yu. L., Samuilov I. V., Davydov M. V., Kul’chitskii V. A. Analysis of the functional state of the muscles of the maxillofacial region in dental patients with signs of bruxism in combination with obstructive sleep apnea. Doklady Natsional’noi akademii nauk Belarusi = Doklady of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2020, vol. 64, no. 3, pp. 341–349 (in Russian).

4. Zhao Y., Wang J., Li M., Ma T., Zhang X., Xu X., Zeng M., Peng Y. The influence of trigeminocardiac reflex on post-operative cardiac adverse events in patients undergoing cerebellopontine angle tumor resections: a case-control study. World Neurosurgery, 2023, vol. 172, pp. e291–e298. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wneu.2023.01.010

5. González A. G., Montero J., Polo C. G. Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome and sleep bruxism: A systematic review. Journal of Clinical Medicine, 2023, vol. 12, no. 3, art. 910. https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm12030910

6. Dicieri-Pereira B., Gomes M. F., Giannasi L. C., Nacif S. R., Oliveira E. F., Salgado M. A. C., de Oliveira Amorim J. B., Oliveira W., Bressane A., de Mello Rode S. Down syndrome: orofacial pain, masticatory muscle hypotonia, and sleep disorders. Sleep, 2022, vol. 45, no. 11, art. zsac181. https://doi.org/10.1093/sleep/zsac181

7. Rubnikovich S. P., Grishchenkov A. S., Denisova Yu. L. Modern methods of orthopedic treatment in the complex rehabilitation of patients with muscular-articular dysfunctions in combination with signs of bruxism. Stomatolog [Dentist], 2020, no. 2, pp. 55–63 (in Russian).

8. Bandary D. E., Lustofin S. V., McLaren J. R., Dillon J. K. Surgical management of post-traumatic trigeminal neuralgia – case report and review of the literature. Journal of Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, 2022, vol. 80, no. 2, pp. 214–222. https:// doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2021.08.266

9. Sanner F. Acute right-sided facial pain: a case report. International Endodontic Journal, 2010, vol. 43, no. 2, pp. 154–162. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365–2591.2009.01654.x

10. Wettervik T. S., Snel D., Kristiansson P., Ericson H., Hamdeh S. A. Incidence of trigeminal neuralgia: A population-based study in Central Sweden. European Journal of Pain, 2023, vol. 27, no. 5, pp. 580–587. https://doi.org/10.1002/ejp.2081

11. Li Y., Yang G., Zhai X., Kang Y., Xie Q.-F. Somatosensory and trigeminal pathway abnormalities in Chinese patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Odontology, 2023, vol. 111, no. 1, pp. 217–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10266-022-00737-1

12. Vaculik M. F., Noorani A., Hung P. S.-P., Hodaie M. Selective hippocampal subfield volume reductions in classic trigeminal neuralgia. NeuroImage: Clinical, 2019, vol. 23, art. 101911. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2019.101911

13. Noorani A., Hung P. S.-P., Zhang J. Y., Sohng K., Laperriere N., Moayedi M., Hodaie M. J. Pain relief reverses hippocampal abnormalities in trigeminal neuralgia. Pain, 2022, vol. 23, no. 1, pp. 141–155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpain.2021.07.004

14. Altman J. Autoradiographic and histological studies of postnatal neurogenesis. IV. Cell proliferation and migration in the anterior forebrain, with special reference to persisting neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb. Journal of Comparative Neurology, 1969, vol. 137, no. 4, pp. 433–457. https://doi.org/10.1002/cne.901370404

15. Tokal’chik Yu. P., Pashkevich S. G., Navitskaya V. V., Shan’ko Yu. G. Migration of perineurally injected mesenchymal stem cells after trauma of different localization in rats. Novosti mediko-biologicheskikh nauk = News of biomedical sciences, 2018, vol. 18, no. 1, pp. 135–142 (in Russian).

16. Gladkova Zh. A., Kuznetsova T. E., Pashkevich S. G. Study of the structural and functional features of the spinal nucleus of the trigeminal nerve in the model of inflammation of the temporomandibular joints in rats. Novosti mediko-biologicheskikh nauk = News of biomedical sciences, 2021, vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 42–50 (in Russian).

17. Mironova G. P., Kuz’menko E. V., Pashkevich S. G., Serdyuchenko N. S. Features of memory processes in the model of inflammation of the temporomandibular joint. Novosti mediko-biologicheskikh nauk = News of biomedical sciences, 2022, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 174–179 (in Russian).

18. Paxinos Y., Watson C. The Rat Brain in Stereotaxic Coordinates. San Diego, Academic Press, 1998. 256 р.

19. Korzhevskii D. E., Grigor’ev I. P., Kolos E. A., Sukhorukova E. G., Kirik O. V., Alekseeva O. S., Gusel’nikova V. V. Molecular neuromorphology. M75 neurodegeneration and assessment of the response of nerve cells to damage. Sankt-Peterburg, SpetsLit Publ., 2015. 110 р. (in Russian).

20. Chubinidze A. I. To the method of histological (morphological) determination of the degree of damage to the central nervous system. Arkhiv patologii [Archive of pathology], 1972, no. 11, pp. 77–78 (in Russian).

21. Schmeiser B., Li J., Brandt A., Zentner J., Doostkam S., Freiman T. M. Different mossy fiber sprouting patterns in ILAE hippocampal sclerosis types. Epilepsy Research, 2017, vol. 136, pp. 115–122. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2017.08.002