Importance of the apoptosis of smooth muscle cells and macrophages of the coronary artery wall in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis

In the investigation of the coronary arteries of the dead from the coronary heart disease, it is found that in atherosclerosis there occur both pathological activation and inhibition of the apoptosis of major cells of the coronary artery with atherosclerotic lesions. The apoptosis of smooth muscle cells and macrophages of coronary artery atherosclerotic lesions is realized by the caspase-dependent mechanism. The apoptosis of endothelial cells can occur with the participation of caspases and by the caspase-independent mechanism. The presence of moderate cytoplasmic expression of cytochrome c in all stages atherogenesis stages confirms the mitochondrial activation of the caspase cascade.

апоптотический индекс, апоптозиндуцирующий фактор, гладкомышечные клетки, макрофаги, ишемическая болезнь сердца, каспазы, цитохром, эндотелиальные клетки, Apoptotic index, apoptosis-inducing factor, smooth muscle cells, macrophages, coronary heart disease, caspases, cytochrome, endothelial cells

1. Spinale, F. G. Matrix metalloproteinases regulation and dysregulation in the failing heart / F. G. Spinale // Circulation Res. - 2002. - Vol. 90, N 5. - P. 520-530.

2. Norata, G. D. Apoptosis and proliferation of endothelial cells in early atherosclerotic lesions: possible role of oxidised LDL / G. D. Norata // Nutr. Metab. Cardiovasc. Dis. - 2002. - N 5. - P. 297-305.

3. Saraste, A. Cardiovascular molecular imaging: an overview / A. Saraste, S. G. Nekolla, M. Schwaiger // Cardiovasc. Res. - 2009. - Vol. 83 (4). - P. 643-652.

4. Tabas, I. Consequences and therapeutic implications of macrophage apoptosis in atherosclerosis the importance of lesion stage and phagocytic efficiency / I. Tabas // Arteriosclerosis, thrombosis, and vascular biology. - 2005. - Vol. 25, N 11. - Р. 2255-2264.

5. Apoptotic cell clearance: basic biology and therapeutic potential / I. K. Poon [et al.] // Nature Rev. Immunol. - 2014. -Vol. 14, N 3. - Р. 1-15.

6. Apoptosis in human atherosclerosis and restenosis / J. M. Isner [et al.] // Circulation. - 1995. - Vol. 91. - P. 2703-2711.

7. Bennett, M. R Apoptosis of Human Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells Derived from Normal Vessels and Coronary Atherosclerotic Plaques / M. R. Bennett, G. I. Evan, S. M. Schwartz // J. Clin. Invest. - 1995. - Vol. 95. - Р. 2266-2274.

8. Apoptosis participates in cellularity regulation during rat aortic intimal thickening / M. L. Bochaton-Piallat [et al.] // Am. J. Pathol. - 1995. - Vol. 46. - P. 1059-1064.

9. Clowes, A. W. Smooth muscle growth in the absence of endothelium / A. W. Clowes, M. A. Reidy, M. M. Clowes // Lab. Invest. - 1983. - Vol. 49. - P. 327-333.

10. Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 is a Critical Determinant of Angiotensin II-Induced Loss of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells and Adverse Vascular Remodeling / V. B. Patel [et al.] // Hypertension. - 2014. - Vol. 63, N 5. - P. 156-164.

11. Chistiakov, D. A. Vascular smooth muscle cell in atherosclerosis / D. A. Chistiakov, A. N. Orekhov, Y. V. Bobryshev // Acta Physiologica. - 2015. - Vol. 214, iss. 1. - P. 33-50.