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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2022-19-4-391-403</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-878</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Первый в Республике Беларусь опыт проведения трансплантации фекальной микробиоты  для восстановления кишечного микробиоценоза у пациентов с онкогематологическими заболеваниями</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Initial experience of fecal microbiota transplantation in Belarus in patients with hematologic malignancies as a method for recovery of intestinal microbiocenosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3195-6529</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охремчук</surname><given-names>Е. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhremchuk</surname><given-names>K. U.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Охремчук Екатерина Владимировна ‒ научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. акад. В. Ф. Купревича, 2, 220141, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Katsiaryna U. Akhremchuk ‒ Researcher, Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">katerina_akhr@bio.bsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4510-6760</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скоповец</surname><given-names>Е. Я.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skapavets</surname><given-names>K. Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скоповец Екатерина Ярославовна ‒ младший научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. Фрунзенская, 43, 223053, д. Боровляны, Минский р-н</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Katsiaryna Y. Skapavets ‒ Junior Researcher, Republican Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology.</p><p>43, Frunzenskaya Str., 223053, v. Borovliany, Minsk region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skopovets@yandex.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8602-4887</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Охремчук</surname><given-names>А. Э.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Akhremchuk</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Охремчук Артур Эдуардович ‒ научный сотрудник.</p><p>ул. акад. В. Ф. Купревича, 2, 220141, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Artur E. Akhremchuk ‒ Researcher. Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy  of  Sciences  of  Belarus.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">akhremchuk@bio.bsu.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3193-4864</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кирсанова</surname><given-names>Н. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kirsanava</surname><given-names>N. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Кирсанова Наталья Павловна ‒ кандидат медицинских наук, врач-гематолог.</p><p>ул. Фрунзенская, 43, 223053, д. Боровляны, Минский р-н</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natallia P. Kirsanava ‒ Ph. D. (Med.), hematologist, Republican Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology.</p><p>43, Frunzenskaya Str., 223053, v. Borovliany, Minsk region</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">litvinko_natasha@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8447-9538</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сидоренко</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sidarenka</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Сидоренко Анастасия Вячеславовна ‒ кандидат биологических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>ул. акад. В. Ф. Купревича, 2, 220141, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya V. Sidarenka ‒ Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory, Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">a_sidarenka@mbio.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7329-743X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Валентович</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Valentovich</surname><given-names>L. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Валентович Леонид Николаевич ‒ кандидат биологических наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией.</p><p>ул. акад. В.Ф. Купревича, 2, 220141, Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Leonid N. Valentovich ‒ Ph. D. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory,  Institute  of  Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus.</p><p>2, Kuprevich Str., 220141, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">valentovich@mbio.bas-net.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт микробиологии НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Microbiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр детской онкологии, гематологии и иммунологии</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Research Center for Pediatric Oncology, Hematology and Immunology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>29</day><month>11</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>19</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>391</fpage><lpage>403</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Охремчук Е.В., Скоповец Е.Я., Охремчук А.Э., Кирсанова Н.П., Сидоренко А.В., Валентович Л.Н., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Охремчук Е.В., Скоповец Е.Я., Охремчук А.Э., Кирсанова Н.П., Сидоренко А.В., Валентович Л.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Akhremchuk K.U., Skapavets K.Y., Akhremchuk A.E., Kirsanava N.P., Sidarenka A.V., Valentovich L.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/878">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/878</self-uri><abstract><p>Впервые в Республике Беларусь проведена трансплантация фекальной микробиоты (ТФМ) двум  пациентам с онкогематологическими заболеваниями с целью коррекции кишечного микробиоценоза. У обоих реципиентов ТФМ отмечался частичный клинический ответ на процедуру: колонизация кишечника микробиотой донора, положительная динамика функционирования желудочно-кишечного тракта и снижение количества полирезистентных микроорганизмов, ассоциированных с инфекционными осложнениями. Однако после возобновления химиотерапии и антибиотикотерапии положительный эффект ТФМ утрачивался. Необходимы  дальнейшие  исследования  для повышения эффективности трансплантации фекальной микробиоты у пациентов с онкогематологическими заболеваниями.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>This article describes the first attempt of fecal microbiota transplantation for correction of gut microbiota in two patients suffering from hematologic malignancies made in the Republic of Belarus. Partial clinical response to the procedure was observed in the both patients. We  detected positive changes in the gastrointestinal tract state and a decrease  in the abundance of multiresistant bacteria. In addition, microorganisms from donor microbiota were observed in intestinal microbiota of the patients. However, the positive effects of fecal microbiota transplantation disappeared after re-initiation of chemotherapy and antibiotics treatment. Further research is required to improve the procedure effectiveness in patients   with hematologic malignancies.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>онкогематологические заболевания</kwd><kwd>дисбиоз</kwd><kwd>фекальная бактериотерапия</kwd><kwd>кишечная микробиота</kwd><kwd>микробиом</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hematologic malignancies</kwd><kwd>dysbiosis</kwd><kwd>fecal bacteriotherapy</kwd><kwd>intestinal microbiota</kwd><kwd>microbiome</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Работа выполнена в рамках Государственной программы «Наукоемкие технологии и техника» на 2016‒2020 годы, подпрограммы «Инновационные биотехнологии – 2020» (мероприятие 671).</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">This work was supported by the government program “Science-Intensive Technologies and Equipment” for 2016–2020, subprogram “Innovative Biotechnologies-2020” (project No. 671).</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Fecal enema as an adjunct in the treatment of pseudomembranous enterocolitis / B. 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