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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2021-18-1-69-79</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-734</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Патоморфоз мерцательного эпителия респираторного тракта у детей с заболеваниями верхних и нижних дыхательных путей: ультраструктурный и наноскопический анализ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ciliated columnar epithelium pathomorphosis in children with upper and lower respiratory infections: ultrastructural and nanoscopic analysis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Асташонок</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Astashonok</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Асташонок Андрей Николаевич – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrei N. Astashonok – Ph. D. (Biol.), Senior Researcher</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">micro.87@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полещук</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Poleshchuk</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полещук Николай Николаевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, гл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikalay N. Poleshchuk – D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Chief Researcher</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">pnn@belriem.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Рубаник</surname><given-names>Л. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rubanik</surname><given-names>L. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Рубаник Людмила Владимировна – канд. биол. наук, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lyudmila V. Rubanik – Ph. D. (Biol.), Head of the Laboratory</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rubaniklv@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бобровничий</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bobrovnichiy</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бобровничий Владимир Иванович – канд. мед. наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Лейтенанта Кижеватова, 60/1, 220024, г. Минск, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vladimir I. Bobrovnichiy – Ph. D. (Med.), Associate Professor</p><p>60/1, Lieutenant Kizhevatov Str., 220024, Minsk, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vbobrovnichi@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрученя</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petruchenya</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Петрученя Анастасия Викторовна – врач-педиатр</p><p>ул. Фрунзенская, 1, 223053, Минский район, Республика Беларусь</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Anastasiya V. Petruchenya – Paediatrician</p><p>1, Frunzenskaya Str., 223053, Minsk region, Republic of Belarus</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bukazoed@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Research and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>3-я городская детская клиническая больница</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>3th City Children’s Clinical Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Минская центральная районная больница</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Minsk Central Regional Hospital</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>23</day><month>02</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>69</fpage><lpage>79</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Асташонок А.Н., Полещук Н.Н., Рубаник Л.В., Бобровничий В.И., Петрученя А.В., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Асташонок А.Н., Полещук Н.Н., Рубаник Л.В., Бобровничий В.И., Петрученя А.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Astashonok A.N., Poleshchuk N.N., Rubanik L.V., Bobrovnichiy V.V., Petruchenya A.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/734">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/734</self-uri><abstract><p>Охарактеризован цитоморфологический профиль соскобного эпителия носовой полости и в ряде случаев (26,19 %) биоптатов трахеи и бронхов у детей с острыми и хроническими заболеваниями дыхательной системы. Констатировано перераспределение реснитчатых эпителиоцитов носовой полости в пользу слизь-секретирующих (бокаловидных) клеток (группа острых респираторных инфекций – соотношение 2,3:1; группа хронических заболеваний легких (ХЗЛ)) – 1:2,4 при нормальных значениях данных показателей 5:1. У 28 (64,29 %) пациентов выявлена метаплазия слизистой на фоне локальной лейкоцитарной инфильтрации. С использованием атомно-силовой микро- скопии описан патоморфоз цитоплазматической мембраны реснитчатых эпителиоцитов, характеризующийся изменением параметров текстурированности (Ra, Rq, Rsk, Rmax, Rsk) и средней волнистости (Wa) их поверхности в группе ХЗЛ (Ra – 34,94 ± 7,8 нм; Rq – 41,26 ± 7,5; Rmax – 225,55 ± 44,43; Rsk – 1,2; Wa – 43,23 ± 12,4 нм) по сравнению с контролем (Ra – 7,22 ± 1,94 нм; Rq – 11,43 ± 1,83; Rmax – 111,83 ± 29,26; Rsk – 0,33; Wa – 83,81 ± 29,55 нм). Выявлены отклонения в микрогеометрии фактора формы ресничек, связанные с формированием аномально длинных цилий (10–12 мкм), уменьшением (0,095–0,15 мкм) и/или утолщением (0,3–0,4 мкм) их диаметра, а также пространственная дезориентация по типу «штопороподобного перекручивания». На основании электронномикроскопического анализа у двух пациентов идентифицирована патология наружных динеиновых ручек, что позволило установить наличие наследственно обусловленной аномалии аксонемы ресничек.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The cytomorphological profile of nasal epithelium in children with acute and chronic respiratory disorders was characterized. The redistribution of nasal ciliary epithelial cells in favor of the mucus-secreting (goblet) cells was observed (group with acute respiratory infection – ratio 2.3:1; group with chronic lung disease – 1:2.4) with normal values of these indicators 5:1 (control group). The mucosal metaplasia, against a background of local leukocyte infiltration, was detected among 28 patients (64.29 %). Using atomic force microscopy, the pathomorphosis of the cytoplasmic membrane ciliated epithelium was described, which characterized by the changes in roughness parameters (Ra, Rq, Rsk, Rmax, Rsk) and waviness (Wa) in group with chronic lung disease (Ra – 34.94 ± 7.8 nm, Rq – 41.26 ± 7.5, Rmax – 225.55 ± 44.43, Rsk – 1,2, Wa – 43.23 ± 12.4 nm) compared with control group (Ra – 7.22 ± 1.94 nm, Rq – 11.43 ± 1.83, Rmax – 111.83 ± 29.26, Rsk – 0.33, Wa – 83.81 ± 29.55 nm). Several deviations in microgeometry of the cilia form factor were revealed, which associated with formation of abnormally long cilia (10–12 μm), decreasing (0.095–0.15 μm) and/or a thickening (0.3–0.4 μm) of their diameter, as well as spatial disorientation like the “corkscrew twisting”. Based on the electron microscopic analysis, anomalies in external dynein arms of the cilia axoneme were revealed, which made it possible to confirmed in two patients the hereditary respiratory pathology.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>атомно-силовая микроскопия</kwd><kwd>патоморфоз мерцательного эпителия</kwd><kwd>цилиарная дискинезия</kwd><kwd>ультраструктурный анализ</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>atomic force microscopy</kwd><kwd>ciliary epithelium pathomorphosis</kwd><kwd>ciliary dyskinesia</kwd><kwd>ultrastructural analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nasal cytology: methodology with application to clinical practice and research / E. Heffler [et al.] // Clin. Exp. 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