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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2019-16-3-298-306</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-507</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Соматические и поведенческие реакции у крыс в условиях моделирования стресса «дефицита времени»</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Somatic and behavioral reactions in rats under the modeling of the stress of “deficiency of time”</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Гусакова</surname><given-names>Е. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gusakova</surname><given-names>E. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Гусакова Елена Анатольевна – канд. биол. наук, доцент</p><p>пр. Фрунзе, 27, 210023, г. Витебск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Elena A. Gusakova – Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor</p><p>27, Frunze Ave., 210023, Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">elena-gusakova83@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Городецкая</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gorodetskaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Городецкая Ирина Владимировна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, декан факультета</p><p>пр. Фрунзе, 27, 210023, г. Витебск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina V. Gorodetskaya – D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Dean of the Faculty</p><p>27, Frunze Ave., 210023, Vitebsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">gorodecka-iv@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Витебский государственный ордена Дружбы народов медицинский университет</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Vitebsk State Order of Peoples’ Friendship Medical University</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>16</day><month>09</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>298</fpage><lpage>306</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Гусакова Е.А., Городецкая И.В., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Гусакова Е.А., Городецкая И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gusakova E.A., Gorodetskaya I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/507">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/507</self-uri><abstract><p>Необходимость обработки информации в жестком временном режиме неблагоприятно воздействует на функции всех систем организма. Поэтому изучение механизмов стресса «дефицита времени» является актуальной задачей современной медицины и физиологии.</p><p>Исследовано влияние стресса «дефицита времени» на соматические (относительная масса надпочечников, тимуса и селезенки, состояние слизистой оболочки желудка, уровни кортикостероидов и инсулина в крови) и поведенческие (вертикальная и горизонтальная двигательная активность) показатели стресс-реакции, физическую выносливость животных, тиреоидную функцию (сывороточная концентрация общих и свободных фракций трийодтиронина и тироксина, тиреотропного гормона).</p><p>Эксперимент выполнен на 60 белых беспородных крысах-самцах. Стресс моделировали по методике «дефицита времени». Интенсивность стресс-реакции изучали по изменениям относительной массы надпочечников, тимуса и селезенки, поражению слизистой оболочки желудка. Концентрацию гормонов определяли иммуноферментным методом. Поведение крыс исследовали в тесте «открытое поле» с использованием видеосистемы SMART и программного обеспечения SMART 3.0. Физическую выносливость изучали по времени нахождения животных на вращающемся валике ротарода.</p><p>Установлено, что стресс «дефицита времени» вызывает повышение относительной массы надпочечников на 31 %, снижение таковой тимуса и селезенки – на 26 и 14 % соответственно, повреждение слизистой оболочки желудка, изменение сывороточного содержания кортикостероидов и инсулина, а также приводит к активации функции щитовидной железы. Горизонтальная двигательная активность и физическая выносливость животных при стрессе увеличиваются, тогда как их вертикальная локомоторная и исследовательская активность падает.</p><p>Предложенная нами модель позволяет изучать механизмы развития стрессорного повреждения с целью разработки новых способов ограничения негативных последствий эмоционального стресса на здоровье человека.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p> In experiments on 60 white outbred male rats, the effect of the stress of “deficiency of time” on somatic (relative masses of the adrenal glands, thymus and spleen, gastric mucosa, consentrations of corticosteroids and insulin in the blood) and behavioral (vertical and horizontal motor activity) indicators of stress-reactions, physical endurance of animals, thyroid function (serum concentration of total and free fractions of triiodothyronine and thyroxine, thyrotropic hormone) is considered.</p><p>As a result of the study, it was found that the stress of “deficiency of time” causes an increase in the relative mass of the adrenal glands (by 31 %), a decrease in relative masses of the thymus and spleen (by 26 and 14 %), damage to the gastric mucosa (in 80 % rats with a severity 1 point in 20 % rats, 2 or 3 points in the remaining 60 % in the 1:1 ratio; a multiplicity of 2 hemorrhages per animal in 30 %, 3 in 40 % and 4 in 10 % rats, damage index is 4.7), changes in the serum concentration of corticosteroids (increase by 43 %) and insulin (decrease by 19 %) and leads to the activation of thyroid function (age concentration of total and free triiodothyronine and thyroxin increased by 18–32 %). Under the stress of “deficiency of time”, the horizontal locomotor activity and the physical endurance of animals increase, while their vertical locomotor and exploratory activity decreases. The proposed model allows studying the mechanisms of development of stress damage in order to develop new ways to limit the negative effects of emotional stress on human health.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эмоциональный стресс</kwd><kwd> модель</kwd><kwd> стресс-реакция</kwd><kwd> физическая выносливость</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>emotional stress</kwd><kwd> model</kwd><kwd> stress reaction</kwd><kwd> physical endurance</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено в рамках задания темы ГПНИ Республики Беларусь на 2019–2020 гг. «Изучить возможность повышения устойчивости организма к стрессу за счет стимуляции центрального отдела антистресс-системы и снижения активности стресс-реализующей системы путем целенаправленной коррекции тиреоидного статуса (экспериментальное исследование)».</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The study was performed as part of the assignment of the topic of the State Research Program of Belarus for 2019–2020 “Examine the possibility of increasing the body’s resistance to stress by stimulating the central section of the antistress system and reducing the activity of the stress-implementing system through targeted correction of thyroid status (experimental study)”.</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Состояние здоровья и образ жизни студентов-медиков / Л. 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