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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2018-15-1-99-107</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-419</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>ОПУХОЛЕВЫЕ СТВОЛОВЫЕ КЛЕТКИ В КАНЦЕРОГЕНЕЗЕ МЕДУЛЛОБЛАСТОМЫ У ДЕТЕЙ</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>ROLE OF CANCER STEM CELLS IN PEDIATRIC MEDULLOBLASTOMA CARCINOGENESIS</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Черныш</surname><given-names>Е. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chernysh</surname><given-names>Elena Y.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 24, 220114, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Researcher</p><p>24, F. Skoriny Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">laoris@ymail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Николаевич</surname><given-names>Л. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikolaevich</surname><given-names>Larisa N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Академическая, 28, 220072, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>28, Akademicheskaya Str., 220072, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikolarisa@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пархач</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parkhach</surname><given-names>Ludmila P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>канд. биол. наук, доцент, ученый секретарь</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 24, 220114, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ph. D. (Biol.), Assistant Professor, Scientific Secretary</p><p>24, F. Skoriny Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">parkhachlp@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр неврологии и нейрохирургии</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Research and Clinical Center of Neurology and Neurosurgery</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Physiology of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2018</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>04</day><month>03</month><year>2018</year></pub-date><volume>15</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>99</fpage><lpage>107</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Черныш Е.Ю., Николаевич Л.Н., Пархач Л.П., 2018</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2018</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Черныш Е.Ю., Николаевич Л.Н., Пархач Л.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chernysh E.Y., Nikolaevich L.N., Parkhach L.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/419">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/419</self-uri><abstract><p>Медуллобластома относится к группе злокачественных новообразований эмбрионального генеза и является самой распространенной злокачественной солидной опухолью у детей и подростков. Современные технологии лечения медуллобластомы, включающие хирургическое лечение в сочетании с радио-, химио- и адъювантной терапией, позволили значительно улучшить результаты лечения, однако показатель выживаемости еще далек от идеального. Сложность лечения заключается в том, что по своему клеточную составу опухоли гетерогенны, а раз- ные клетки имеют различные уровни чувствительности к действию химиотерапевтических лекарственных средств. Среди популяции опухолевых клеток особо выделяют малочисленную группу стволовых клеток, которые являются важным звеном в инициации, поддержании и прогрессировании первичного и продолженного роста опухоли. Ключевыми свойствами опухолевых стволовых клеток являются неограниченные возможности самообновления, миграции в пределах паренхимы мозга, гипоксический тип метаболизма и локализация в максимально гипоксичных зонах опухоли. В работе проанализированы имеющиеся на сегодняшний день литературные данные об опухолевых стволовых клетках в медуллобластомах у детей, их основные маркеры и особенности, позволяющие им проявлять свойства химио- и радиорезистентности. </p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Medulloblastoma refers to the group of malignant brain tumors of embryonic origin. It is the most common malignant primary tumor in children. Present-day technologies of medulloblastoma treatment include surgical methods combined with radio-, chemo- and adjuvant therapies allowed one to bring a vast improvement in results of tumor treatment. However, the survival rates are still far from ideal. Difficulties of treatment consist in tumor cell heterogeneity – various cells exhibit different properties and levels of sensitivity to chemotherapeutic drugs. Cell heterogeneity is an unsolved problem in oncology. Among the population of cancer cells is a small group of cancer stem cells, which is revealed to be the main element in initiation, maintenance and progression of a tumor growth. Cancer stem cell key properties are the unrestricted ability to self-renewal, migration within brain parenchyma, hypoxic type of metabolism and localization in the most hypoxic regions of tumor. We analyzed all literature data about medulloblastoma cancer stem cells in children, their main markers and properties, which allow them to express chemo- and radioresistance. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>медуллобластома</kwd><kwd>опухолевые стволовые клетки</kwd><kwd>CD133</kwd><kwd>гетерогенность</kwd><kwd>головной мозг</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>medulloblastoma</kwd><kwd>cancer stem cells</kwd><kwd>CD133</kwd><kwd>heterogeneity</kwd><kwd>brain</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Рыжова, М. В. Сравнительная характеристика молекулярно-генетических аберраций в медуллобластомах / М. В. Рыжова, Л. В. Шишкина // Вопр. нейрохирургии им. Н. Н. Бурденко. – 2012. – Т. 76, № 6. – С. 66–72.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ryshova M. V., Shishkina L. V. 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