vestimИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series1814-60232524-2350The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"vestim-341Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМОЛЕКУЛЯРНО-ГЕНЕТИЧЕСКИЕ ОСОБЕННОСТИ ВОЗБУДИТЕЛЯ ТУБЕРКУЛЕЗА: СВЯЗЬ С РАСПРОСТРАНЕННОСТЬЮ, ТЕЧЕНИЕМ И ИСХОДОМ ЗАБОЛЕВАНИЯCORRELATION BETWEEN MOLECULAR-GENETIC CHARACTERISTICS OF MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS AND PREVALENCE, MANIFESTATION AND OUTCOME OF DISEASEСурковаЛ. К.SurkovaL. K.

доктор мед. наук, профессор, зав. отделом лабораторной диагностики и лечения туберкулеза

D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, manager of department of laboratory diagnostics and treatment of tuberculosis.

niipulm@tut.byСлизеньВ. В.SlizenV. V.

канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры микробиологии, вирусологии и иммунологии

Ph. D. (Med.), Associate Professor of Microbiology, Virology and Immunology.

veronal@tut.byЗалуцкаяО. М.ZalutskayaO. M.

врач-бактериолог Республиканской референс-лаборатории.

bacteriologist of Republican referenslaboratory.

okasana@inbox.ruРеспубликанский научно-практический центр пульмонологии и фтизиатрииRepublican Scientific-Practical Center of Pulmonology and TuberculosisБелорусский государственный медицинский университетBelarusian State Medical University20161301201704114125Copyright © Суркова Л.К., Слизень В.В., Залуцкая О.М., 20172017Суркова Л.К., Слизень В.В., Залуцкая О.М.Surkova L.K., Slizen V.V., Zalutskaya O.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/341

Представлен краткий обзор и анализ современной литературы по молекулярно-генетическим особенностям возбудителя туберкулеза и генетическим факторам макроорганизма, которые могут влиять на распространение и харак-тер течения заболевания и обеспечивают восприимчивость/устойчивость к туберкулезу. Генотип Beijing играет ключевую роль в распространении возбудителя туберкулеза с множественной лекарственной устойчивостью, 58,0  % изолятов микобактерий туберкулеза, полученных из разных регионов Республики Беларусь относились к генотипу Beijing и имели идентичный MIRU VNTR профиль. В основе лекарственной резистентности лежат мутации в генах, участвующих в формировании устойчивости к изониазиду (katG, inhA, acpM-kasA), рифампицину (rpoB), стрептомицину (rrs, rpsL), этамбутолу (embB), этионамиду (inhA), пиразинамиду (pncA), антибиотикам группы фторхинолонов (gyrA).

A brief review of the current publications is referred to the analysis of the molecular and genetic characteristics of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and the genetic factors of macroorganism that may influence the susceptibility/resistanceto tuberculosis and thus may affect the prevalence, manifestation, and outcome of tuberculosis. The genotype Beijing plays a key role in the spread of M. tuberculosis with multidrug resistance. Fifty eight percent of M. tuberculosis isolates collected from different regions of Belarus belonged to the genotype Beijing and had an identical MIRU VNTR profile. The resistance to anti-tuberculosis drugs in M. tuberculosis is formed due to mutations in the following genes: to isoniazid – in genes katG, inhA, acpM-kasA), to rifampin – in rpoB, to streptomycin – in rrs, rpsL, to ethambutol – in embB, to ethionamide – in inhA, to pyrazinamide – in pncA, to fluoroquinolones – in gyrA.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.