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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-219</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Медицинская геномика: организация генома, регуляция экспрессии генов, генетическая вариабельность</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Medical genomics: human genome organization, gene expression regulation and genetic variability</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Титов</surname><given-names>Л. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Titov</surname><given-names>L. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">leonidtitov@tut.by</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific-Practical Center of Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>06</month><year>2016</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>97</fpage><lpage>113</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Титов Л.П., 2016</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2016</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Титов Л.П.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Titov L.P.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/219">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/219</self-uri><abstract><p>Медицинская геномика - одно из наиболее бурно развивающихся направлений биологической науки. Бум в этой области медицины, наблюдаемый последние 25 лет, связан с началом международного проекта «Геном человека». С расшифровкой нуклеотидной последовательности генома, накоплением знаний о генетической вариабельности внутри вида, отдельных этносов (выявлением мутаций, генетических перестроек) связывают возможности более глубокого понимания его биологического значения в предрасположенности к заболеваниям, резистентности к факторам внешней среды, включая биологических агентов. На фоне ускоренного развития структурной геномики отмечается существенное отставание в развитии функциональной геномики, представлений о механизмах работы всего генетического аппарата (хроматина, структурных генов и регуляторных элементов) как единого целого в норме и при патологии. Иммуномика - новое направление, изучающее клетки и гены иммунной системы, их роль в биологии человека. Новые технологии - полногеномное секвенирование, микроэррей технологии и методы биоинформатики находят все более широкое применение в практической медицине, что в конечном итоге приближает переход от избирательного генетического тестирования лиц с наследственными моногенными дефектами и заболеваниями к более широкому использованию и доступности таких методов для каждого человека, что создаст научно обоснованную базу для персонализированной профилактики и терапии распространенных моногенных и мультифактори-альных заболеваний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Medical genomics is one of the most rapidly developing areas of biological science. The boom in this area of medicine is observed in the last 25 years and is associated with the beginning of the international project «Human Genome». With the decoding of the nucleotide sequence of the genome, knowledge about genetic variability within the species, specific ethnic groups (detection of mutations, genetic mutations) linked the possibility of a deeper understanding of its biological significance in susceptibility to disease, resistance to environmental factors, including biological agents. Against the backdrop of accelerated development of structural genomics there is a significant delay in the development of functional genomics, ideas and mechanisms of the entire genetic apparatus (chromatin, structural genes and regulatory elements) as a whole in health and disease. Immunomics is a new direction to study the cells and genes of the immune system and their role in human biology. New technologies are the whole genome sequencing, the microarray technology and bioinformatics methods are increasingly used in medical practice, which ultimately brings the transition from selective genetic testing of persons with hereditary monogenic defects and diseases to a wider use and the availability of these methods for each person, which will create a scientifically based framework for personalized prevention and treatment of common monogenic and multifactorial diseases.</p></trans-abstract></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Титов, Л. П. Вирусы и эукариотические клетки: стадии взаимодействия, стратегия геномов, репродукция и исходы инфекции / Л. П. Титов // Мед. журн. - 2008. - № 1. - С. 10-16.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Титов, Л. П. Вирусы и эукариотические клетки: стадии взаимодействия, стратегия геномов, репродукция и исходы инфекции / Л. П. 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