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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2026-23-3-242-250</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-1106</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Нейрофизиологическая оценка функции кортикальных и спинальных нервных структур при стенозе шейного отдела позвоночного канала</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Neurophysiological assessment of the function of cortical and spinal nerve structures in cervical spinal stenosis</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9649-134X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Хомушко</surname><given-names>И. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Khomushka</surname><given-names>I. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Хомушко Ирина Сергеевна – аспирант, ст. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Кижеватова, 60/4, 220024, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Irina S. Khomushka – Postgraduate Student, Senior Researcher</p><p>60/4, Lieutenant Kizhevatov Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">I.Khomushka@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ильясевич</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ilyasevich</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Ильясевич Инесса Александровна – д-р биол. наук, доцент, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Кижеватова, 60/4, 220024, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Inessa A. Ilyasevich – D. Sc. (Biol.), Associate Professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>60/4, Lieutenant Kizhevatov Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">inessa.ilyasevich@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мазуренко</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mazurenka</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мазуренко Андрей Николаевич – канд. мед. наук, доцент, заведующий отделением</p><p>ул. Кижеватова, 60/4, 220024, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey N. Mazurenka – Ph. D. (Med.), Associate Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>60/4, Lieutenant Kizhevatov Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">mazurenko@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Картыжова</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kartyzhova</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Картыжова Алеся Анатольевна – врач-нейрохирург </p><p>ул. Кижеватова, 60/4, 220024, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Alesya A. Kartyzhova – Neurosurgeon </p><p>60/4, Lieutenant Kizhevatov Str., 220024, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i.miastro@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр травматологии и ортопедии</institution><country>Беларусь</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center of Traumatology and Orthopedics</institution><country>Belarus</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>08</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>242</fpage><lpage>250</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Хомушко И.С., Ильясевич И.А., Мазуренко А.Н., Картыжова А.А., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Хомушко И.С., Ильясевич И.А., Мазуренко А.Н., Картыжова А.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Khomushka I.S., Ilyasevich I.A., Mazurenka A.N., Kartyzhova A.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1106">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1106</self-uri><abstract><p>Сложный патогенез повреждения нервных структур при дегенеративном стенозе позвоночного канала обусловливает разнообразие клинических фенотипов заболевания и сложность в определении его тяжести, выборе тактики лечения.Цель исследования – определить нейрофизиологические критерии для анализа функционального состояния кортикальных и спинальных нервных структур у пациентов с вертеброгенной компрессией спинного мозга (СМ) в динамике после хирургического лечения.Группа исследования – 23 пациента с шейным спинальным стенозом до хирургического лечения и через 6 месяцев после. Методы исследования: транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция (ТМС), соматосенсорные вызванные потенциалы (ССВП).У пациентов с нейрофизиологическими признаками вертеброгенной цервикальной миелопатии через 6 месяцев после хирургического лечения выявили статистически значимое частичное улучшение моторной проводимости СМ по данным моторных ответов (МО) при ТМС. Тенденцию к восстановлению после лечения показал пассивный моторный порог (пМП) и контрлатеральный период молчания (кПМ), что свидетельствовало о начальном восстановлении внутрикортикальных и спинальных нейронных взаимодействий. Анализ ССВП выявил статистически значимое частичное улучшение параметров сенсорной функции СМ. У пациентов с вертеброгенной компрессией СМ, но без нейрофизиологических признаков нарушения его моторной функции через 6 месяцев после проведенной декомпрессии отсутствовали статистически значимые признаки снижения моторной проводимости СМ, что говорит о сохранности его функции без прогрессирования заболевания.Изменение временных и амплитудных параметров кортикальных МО при ТМС, а также ССВП является нейрофизиологическим критерием поражения двигательных и чувствительных проводящих трактов шейного отдела СМ. Выявленное изменение пМП и кПМ представляет собой критерий снижения возбудимости корковых мотонейронов, а также нарушения интракортикальных тормозных механизмов на фоне спинального стеноза.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The complex pathogenesis of nerve damage in degenerative spinal stenosis results in a variety of clinical phenotypes and makes it difficult to determine the severity of the condition and select appropriate treatment strategies.The aim of the article was to determine neurophysiological criteria for the analysis of the functional state of cortical and spinal nerve structures in patients with spondylotic compression of the spinal cord (SC) at follow-up after surgical treatment.The study group included 23 patients with cervical spinal stenosis before and 6 months after surgery. Research methods: transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP).In patients with neurophysiological signs of spondylotic cervical myelopathy, a statistically significant partial improvement in spinal motor conduction was observed 6 months after surgical treatment, as measured by motor evoked potentials (MEP) during TMS. A trend toward recovery was observed for the passive motor threshold (pMT) and contralateral silent period (cSP), indicating initial restoration of intracortical and spinal neural interactions. SSEP analysis revealed a statistically significant partial improvement in spinal sensory function parameters. In patients with spondylotic compression of SC, but without neurophysiological signs of motor impairment, there were no statistically significant signs of decreased spinal motor conduction 6 months after decompression, indicating preservation of spinal function without disease progression.Changes in the temporal and amplitude parameters of MEPs, as well as SSEPs, are neurophysiological indicators of damage to the motor and sensory pathways of the cervical SC. The observed changes in the pMT and the cSP represent neurophysiological criteria for decreased excitability of cortical motor neurons, as well as disruption of intracortical inhibitory mechanisms associated with spinal stenosis.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>цервикальная миелопатия</kwd><kwd>транскраниальная магнитная стимуляция</kwd><kwd>спинной мозг</kwd><kwd>мотонейроны</kwd><kwd>вызванные потенциалы</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>cervical myelopathy</kwd><kwd>transcranial magnetic stimulation</kwd><kwd>spinal cord</kwd><kwd>motor neurons</kwd><kwd>evoked potentials</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Клинические рекомендации: Диагностика и хирургическое лечение спондилогенной шейной миелопатии / А. О. Гуща, С. О. Арестов, М. Д. 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