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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2026-23-1-68-76</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-1076</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функциональное состояние спинальных центров билатеральных нижних конечностей у спортсменов-легкоатлетов</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Functional state of the spinal centers of the bilateral lower limbs in athletes</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0502-5752</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Челноков</surname><given-names>А. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Chelnokov</surname><given-names>A. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Челноков Андрей Алексеевич – д-р биол. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой</p><p> </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Andrey A. Chelnokov – D. Sc. (Biol.), Professor, Head of the Department</p><p>4, Yubileynaya Square, 182100, Velikiye Luki</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">and-chelnokov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2006-0863</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Барканов</surname><given-names>М. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Barkanov</surname><given-names>M. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Максим Геннадьевич Барканов – преподаватель кафедры</p><p>пл. Юбилейная, 4, 182100, г. Великие Луки</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Maxim G. Barkanov – Lecturer of the Department</p><p>4, Yubileynaya Square, 182100, Velikiye Luki</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">barckanov.max@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Великолукская государственная академия физической культуры и спорта</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Velikiye Luki State Academy of Physical Culture and Sports</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>03</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>23</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>68</fpage><lpage>76</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Челноков А.А., Барканов М.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Челноков А.А., Барканов М.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Chelnokov A.A., Barkanov M.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1076">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1076</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель исследования – оценить рефлекторную возбудимость моторных ответов билатеральных нижних конечностей у легкоатлетов при одиночном воздействии чрескожной электрической стимуляции спинного мозга (ЧЭССМ) в области копчикового сплетения на уровне Со1-Со2 и постактивационный эффект кратковременной неинвазивной ритмической электрической стимуляции (рЭС) копчикового сплетения на функциональное состояние спинальных центров билатеральных мышц-антагонистов бедра и голени.</p><p>У 30 спортсменов в возрасте 18–27 лет, специализирующихся в беге на короткие дистанции, оценивались амплитуды вызванных моторных ответов (ВМО) мышц бедра (RF – musculus rectus femoris, BF – m. biceps femoris) и голени (TA – m. tibialis anterior, GM – m. gastrocnemius medialis) при максимальной одиночной силе стимула (90 мА) по средней линии копчикового сплетения Со1-Со2 и влияние 10и 60-секундной рЭС на возбудимость мотонейронов (МН) мышц нижних конечностей, вызываемую одиночной силой стимула на уровне Т11-Т12 позвонков.</p><p>Однократная стимуляция копчикового сплетения вызывает большую рефлекторную возбудимость мотонейронных пулов экстензоров (GM) голени билатеральных конечностей. Рефлекторная возбудимость МН, вызываемая стимуляцией в области копчикового сплетения, выражена больше в спинальных центрах флексора (BF) бедра и экстензора (GM) голени левой конечности, чем в симметричных мышцах правой конечности. рЭС копчикового сплетения приводит к разнонаправленным изменениям в возбудимости МН мышц бедра и голени билатеральных конечностей: у одних спортсменов возбудимость повышалась, у других – снижалась. Постактивационный эффект рЭС копчикового сплетения, независимо от продолжительности ее воздействия, оказывает преимущественно в среднем по группе спортсменов облегчающие влияния на мотонейронные пулы спинальных центров мышц-антагонистов билатеральных конечностей.</p><p>Методики регистрации ВМО билатеральных нижних конечностей в ответ на умеренную одиночную чрескожную электрическую стимуляцию копчикового сплетения в области Со1-Со2 и рЭС копчикового сплетения могут быть использованы в клинической и спортивной медицине в качестве одного из методов интраоперационного нейрофизиологического мониторинга у пациентов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study was to estimate the reflex excitability of motor responses of the bilateral lower limbs in athletes under single exposure to transcutaneous electrical stimulation of the spinal cord (tSCES) in the coccygeal plexus at the Co1-Co2 level and the post-activation effect of short-term noninvasive rhythmic electrical stimulation (rES) of the coccygeal plexus on the functional state of the spinal centers of the bilateral antagonist muscles of the thigh and tibial leg.</p><p>In 30 athletes aged 18-27 years, specializing in short-distance running, the amplitude of the MERs of the muscles of the thigh (RF – musculus rectus femoris, BF – m. biceps femoris) and tibial (TA – m. tibialis anterior, GM – m. gastrocnemius medialis) leg was evaluated at a maximum single stimulus force (90 mA) along the midline of the coccygeal plexus Co1-Co2 and the effect of 10and 60-second rES on the excitability of MNs of the muscles of the lower limbs caused by a single stimulus force at the level of the T11-T12 vertebrae.</p><p>A single electrical stimulation of the coccygeal plexus causes a greater reflex excitability of the motor neuronal pools of the extensor of the tibia of the bilateral extremities. The reflex excitability of MNs caused by stimulation in the coccygeal plexus is more pronounced in the spinal flexor centers of the thigh and tibial extensor of the left limb than in the symmetrical muscles of the right limb. rES of the coccygeal plexus leads to multidirectional changes in the excitability of MNs of the muscles of the thigh and tibial leg of the bilateral lower limbs: in some athletes, the excitability increased, in others it decreased. The post-activation effect rES of the coccygeal plexus, regardless of its duration of effect, has mainly, on average, a group of athletes, facilitating effect on the motor neuronal pools of the spinal centers of the antagonist muscles of the bilateral lower limbs.</p><p>The methods of registering the MERs of the bilateral lower extremities in response to moderate single percutaneous electrical stimulation of the coccygeal plexus in the area of Co1-Co2 and rES coccygeal plexus can be used in clinical and sports medicine, and as one of the methods of intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in patients.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>чрескожная электрическая стимуляция спинного мозга (ЧЭССМ)</kwd><kwd>ритмическая электрическая стимуляция (рЭС)</kwd><kwd>вызванные моторные ответы (ВМО)</kwd><kwd>облегчение</kwd><kwd>торможение</kwd><kwd>мотонейроны (МН)</kwd><kwd>мышцы</kwd><kwd>копчиковое сплетение</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>transcutaneous electrical stimulation spinal cord (tSCES)</kwd><kwd>rhythmic electrical stimulation (rES)</kwd><kwd>motor evoked responses (MERs)</kwd><kwd>facilitation</kwd><kwd>inhibition</kwd><kwd>motor neurons (MNs)</kwd><kwd>muscles</kwd><kwd>coccygeal plexus</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Posterior root-muscle reflexes elicited by transcutaneous stimulation of the human lumbosacral cord / K. 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