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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">vestim</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Известия Национальной  академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наук</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1814-6023</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2524-2350</issn><publisher><publisher-name>The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.29235/1814-6023-2025-22-1-73-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">vestim-1017</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>КЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНА</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Генетическое разнообразие и молекулярная эпидемиология вируса Коксаки В5 в Республике Беларусь (2003‒2023 гг.)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Genetic diversity and molecular epidemiology of Coxsackie virus B5 in the Republic of Belarus (2003‒2023)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6431-5050</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Поклонская</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Paklonskaya</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Поклонская Наталья Владимировна – канд. биол. наук, вед. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114,  г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Natalia V. Paklonskaya – Ph. D. (Biol.), Leading Researcher</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7309-152X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Амвросьева</surname><given-names>Т. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Amvrosіeva</surname><given-names>T. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Амвросьева Тамара Васильевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий лабораторией</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114,  г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tamara V. Amvrosіeva – D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Laboratory</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">amvrosieva@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Богуш</surname><given-names>З. Ф.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogush</surname><given-names>Z. F.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Богуш Зоя Федоровна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114,  г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zoya F. Bogush – Researcher</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6488-9422</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колтунова</surname><given-names>Ю. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kaltunova</surname><given-names>Yu. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Колтунова Юлия Борисовна – мл. науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114,  г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Yulia B. Kaltunova ‒ Junior Researcher</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4044-6827</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бельская</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Belskaya</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бельская Инна Валерьевна – науч. сотрудник</p><p>ул. Филимонова, 23, 220114,  г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ina V. Belskaya – Researcher</p><p>23, Filimonov Str., 220114, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">labsanvir@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Республиканский научно-практический центр эпидемиологии и микробиологии</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Republican Scientific and Practical Center for Epidemiology and Microbiology</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>28</day><month>02</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>22</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>73</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Поклонская Н.В., Амвросьева Т.В., Богуш З.Ф., Колтунова Ю.Б., Бельская И.В., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Поклонская Н.В., Амвросьева Т.В., Богуш З.Ф., Колтунова Ю.Б., Бельская И.В.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Paklonskaya N.V., Amvrosіeva T.V., Bogush Z.F., Kaltunova Y.B., Belskaya I.V.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1017">https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1017</self-uri><abstract><p>Вирус Коксаки В5 ‒ наиболее часто обнаруживаемый в Беларуси в течение последних 20 лет тип энтеровируса (ЭВ). Его доминирование на территории страны сопровождалось значительным генетическим разнообразием: идентифицировано 12 геновариантов вируса, принадлежавших к 2 ранее идентифицированным геногруппам и 5 субгеногруппам (А1, А3, А4, В1, В2). Данные возбудители регистрировались параллельно на протяжении всего периода наблюдения и имели три основных паттерна циркуляции (длительная циркуляция на территории страны в течение 7‒15 лет, длительная глобальная циркуляция и периодические заносы в Беларусь, кратковременная циркуляция в течение 1‒3 лет), а затем исчезали. Страны происхождения ближайшего общего предка ‒ Китай, Франция и Беларусь (для 8 из 12 исследуемых геновариантов вероятность составила 89–100 %). Временной интервал между расхождением геноварианта от ближайшего общего предка и обнаружением его в популяции составил в среднем 3,1 ± 1,2 года. Все аминокислотные замены, обнаруженные у геновариантов Коксаки В5 и ранее уже встречавшиеся у различных штаммов вируса в других странах мира, были описаны как нейтральные.Продолжение исследований по молекулярному мониторингу ЭВ позволит расширить накопленные данные и получить новую ценную информацию, касающуюся как молекулярной эволюции ЭВ, так и общих эволюционных закономерностей вирусов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Coxsackie virus B5 is the most frequently detected enterovirus in Belarus over the past 20 years. Its dominance was accompanied by a significant genetic diversity: 12 genetic variants of the virus belonging to 2 previously identified genogroups and 5 subgenogroups (A1, A3, A4, B1, B2) were identified. Genetic variants of the virus belonging to different genogroups and subgenogroups circulated simultaneously throughout the entire observation period. Genetic variants had 3 main circulation patterns: long-term circulation within the country for 7‒15 years, long-term global circulation with periodic introductions in Belarus, short-term circulation for 1‒3 years followed by extinction. The countries of origin of the most resent common ancestor are China, France, and Belarus (for 8 of 12 studied genovariants, the probability was 89–100 %). The time interval between the divergence of genetic variants from the most recent common ancestor and its detection in the population was 3.1 ± 1.2 years. All amino acid substitutions found in different genetic variants were previously revealed in various strains of the virus circulating in other countries of the world and were described as neutral.Further enterovirus molecular surveillance will expand our knowledge about the virus concerning evolutionary patterns and general epidemic processes.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>энтеровирус</kwd><kwd>энтеровирусная инфекция</kwd><kwd>вирус Коксаки В5</kwd><kwd>молекулярная эпидемиология</kwd><kwd>генотип</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>enterovirus</kwd><kwd>enterovirus infection</kwd><kwd>Coxsackie virus B5</kwd><kwd>molecular epidemiology</kwd><kwd>genotype</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Фено- и генетическое разнообразие энтеровирусов в Республике Беларусь, 2003–2022 / Н. В. Поклонская, Т. В. Амвросьева, З. Ф. 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