vestimИзвестия Национальной академии наук Беларуси. Серия медицинских наукProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, Medical series1814-60232524-2350The Republican Unitary Enterprise Publishing House "Belaruskaya Navuka"10.29235/1814-6023-2025-22-1-33-44vestim-1013Research ArticleКЛИНИЧЕСКАЯ И ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНАЯ МЕДИЦИНАCLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINEЛинейные и объемные параметры пазухи клиновидной кости по данным конусно-лучевой компьютерной томографииLinear and volumetric parameters of the sphenoid sinus according to cone beam computed tomographyhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-1818КабакС. Л.KabakS. L.

Кабак Сергей Львович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, заведующий кафедрой

ул. Ленинградская, 6, 220006, г. Минск

Sergey L. Kabak – D. Sc. (Med.), Professor, Head of the Department

83, Dzerzhinski Ave., 220116, Minsk

kabakmorph@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-8742-6973МельниченкоЮ. М.MelnichenkoYu. M.

Мельниченко Юлия Михайловна – канд. мед. наук, доцент

ул. Ленинградская, 6, 220006, г. Минск

Yuliya M. Melnichenko – Ph. D. (Med.), Associate Professor

83, Dzerzhinski Ave., 220116, Minsk

mjm1980@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-1297-0226СаврасоваН. А.SavrasovaN. A.

Саврасова Нина Александровна – канд. мед. наук, доцент, врач-рентгенолог

ул. Розы Люксембург, 143, 220036, г. Минск

Nina A. Savrasova – Ph. D. (Med.), Associate Professor, radiologist

143, Rosa Luxem- burg Str., 220136, Minsk

ninasavrassova@tut.byhttps://orcid.org/0009-0000-2884-1133ЮфереваМ. П.IoferevaM. P.

Юферева Мелания Павловна – студент

ул. Ленинградская, 6, 220006, г. Минск

Melania P. Iofereva – student

83, Dzerzhinski Ave., 220116, Minsk

melaniiaiufere@yandex.ruШевчукТ. А.ShevchukT. A.

Шевчук Татьяна Александровна – канд. биол. наук, ст. науч. сотрудник

ул. Ленинградская, 6, 220006, г. Минск

Tatjana A. Shevchuk – Ph. D. (Biol.), Senior Researcher

83, Dzerzhinski Ave., 220116, Minsk

t1266@mail.ruБелорусский государственный медицинский университетБеларусьBelarusian State Medical UniversityBelarusМедицинский центр «Элегия»БеларусьDental clinic “Elegiya”Belarus2025270220252213344Copyright © Кабак С.Л., Мельниченко Ю.М., Саврасова Н.А., Юферева М.П., Шевчук Т.А., 20252025Кабак С.Л., Мельниченко Ю.М., Саврасова Н.А., Юферева М.П., Шевчук Т.А.Kabak S.L., Melnichenko Y.M., Savrasova N.A., Iofereva M.P., Shevchuk T.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://vestimed.belnauka.by/jour/article/view/1013

Пазуха клиновидной кости является одной из четырех воздухоносных полостей черепа, сообщающихся с полостью носа. Она характеризуется высокой индивидуальной анатомической вариабельностью, включая половой диморфизм, этнической и географической изменчивостью морфометрических параметров.

Цель исследования – установить зависимость морфометрических параметров пазухи клиновидной кости от ее протяженности в переднезаднем и латеральном направлениях.

Изучены данные конусно-лучевой компьютерной томографии 245 стоматологических и ЛОР-пациентов (98 мужчин и 147 женщин, средний возраст 37 ± 13 лет), получивших медицинскую помощь в частных медицинских центрах г. Минска в 2023−2024 гг.

Постселлярный тип пазухи клиновидной кости оказался доминирующим как у мужчин, так и у женщин  (71,4 и 66,6 % соответственно). Объем воздухоносной полости в изученной выборке варьировался в пределах 3,4–37,5 см3 и у мужчин был больше, чем у женщин. У пациентов в возрасте до 30 лет объем и ширина пазухи клиновидной кости оказались статистически значимо больше, чем у пациентов 31‒84 лет. Все линейные размеры пазухи были больше при ее постселлярном типе. Ширина и объем пазухи с латеральной экспансией в большие крылья клиновидной кости статистически значимо больше, чем при отсутствии этой экспансии. У 56,7 % пациентов присутствовала парная пазуха клиновидной кости, разделенная перегородкой на правую и левую половины, чаще асимметричные. В 11,0 % случаев обнаружена одна воздушная полость. При этом контралатеральная сторона пазухи была сильно редуцирована. У 32,3 % пациентов помимо основной перегородки имелись добавочные перегородки, которые почти в половине случаев прикреплялись к костной стенке борозды внутренней сонной артерии при ее протрузии в пазуху.

В связи с высокой изменчивостью морфометрических параметров воздухоносной полости при рассмотрении возможности эндоскопического транссфеноидального доступа к основанию черепа рекомендуется проводить детальную предоперационную визуализацию пазухи клиновидной кости.

Sphenoid sinus is one of four air-filled spaces inside cranium bones, which drain into the nasal cavity. It has high individual anatomical variability, including sexual dimorphism, ethnic and geographic variations in morphometric parameters.

The purpose of the study was to establish the dependence of the morphometric parameters of the sphenoid sinus on its extent in the dorsal and lateral directions.

Сone beam computed tomography (CBCT) data of 245 patients (98 males and 147 females, mean age 37 ± 13 years) who received dental and ENT care at a private medical center in Minsk in 2023–2024 were assessed.

The postsellar type of the sphenoid sinus was more frequent in males and females (71.4 and 66.6 %, respectively). The volume of the sinus in the present study varied between 3.4–37.5 cm3. It was larger in males. In patients under 30 years of age, the volume and width of the sphenoid sinus were significantly larger compared to patients 31–84 years old. All linear dimensions of the sinus were significantly larger in the postsellar type. The width and volume of the sinus were significantly larger as lateral expansion into the greater wings of the sphenoid occurred. In 56.7 % of patients, the sphenoid sinus was divided by the septum into right and left parts, most often asymmetric. In 11.0 % of cases, one air cavity was detected. In 32.3 %  of patients, in addition to the main septum, accessory septa were present, which in about half the cases were inserted at the wall  of carotid prominence.

Due to the high variability of the morphometric parameters of the sphenoid sinus, when considering the possibility  of an endoscopic transsphenoidal approach to the skull base, a thorough preoperative CBCT examination of the sinuses  is recommended.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.